बॉयस-कोडा सामान्य फॉर्म (बीसीएन्एफ) काय आहे?

by माईक चॅपल

बीसीएन्एफ रिडंडन्सी कमी करते आणि डेटा एकाग्रता वाढवते

बॉयस-कॉड नॉर्मल फॉर्म (बी.सी.एन.एफ.) चे उद्दिष्ट डाटाबेस सामान्यीकरण प्राप्त करण्यासाठी रिलेशनल डेटाबेसच्या स्तंभ आणि तक्त्यांचे आयोजन करून डेटा एकाग्रता वाढवणे हा आहे. डेटाबेसचे सामान्यीकरण तेव्हा घडते जेव्हा जेव्हा टेबलमध्ये संबंध स्थापित होतात आणि डेटाबेसमध्ये डेटाबेस अधिक लवचिक बनविण्यासाठी आणि डेटाचे संरक्षण करण्यासाठी टेबलने नियमांचे वर्णन केले तेव्हा

डाटाबेस सामान्यीकरणचे उद्दिष्ट हे अनावश्यक डेटा काढून टाकणे आणि डाटा डिपेन्डन्सीज हे अर्थाने बनविणे हे आहे.

जेव्हा एकापेक्षा अधिक सारणीमध्ये समान डेटा संचयित केला जात नाही तेव्हा डेटाबेसला सामान्यीकृत केले जाते आणि जेव्हा फक्त संबंधित डेटा एका सारणीमध्ये संग्रहित केला जातो.

बॉयस-कोडा सामान्य फॉर्मची मूळ

मार्गदर्शक तत्त्वे अनुसरण केल्यानंतर डाटाबेस सामान्य आहे याची खात्री करा. या मार्गदर्शक तत्त्वांना सामान्य स्वरूपात संदर्भित केले जाते आणि ते एक ते पाच क्रमांकावरून मोजले जातात. रिलेशनल डेटाबेसला सामान्यीकृत असे वर्णन केले आहे जर हे पहिल्या तीन फॉर्म पूर्ण करते: 1NF, 2NF, आणि 3NF.

1 9 74 मध्ये रेमंड बॉइस आणि एडगर कॉड यांनी बीसीएन्एफचा तिसरा सामान्य फॉर्म किंवा 3 एनएफचा विस्तार म्हणून तयार केला होता. हे लोक डाटाबेस स्कीमा तयार करण्याच्या प्रयत्नात होते जे कॉम्प्युटेेशनल टाइम कमी करण्याच्या हेतूने कमी वेतनास कमी करतात. तिसर्या सामान्य स्वरूपाचे स्तंभ प्राथमिक आणि दुस-या सामान्य स्वरूपाच्या मार्गदर्शक तत्त्वे पूर्ण करण्याच्या व्यतिरिक्त प्राथमिक कळांवर अवलंबून नसतात. BCNF, ज्याला कधीकधी 3.5NF म्हटले जाते, 3 एनएफ च्या सर्व गरजा पूर्ण करते आणि आवश्यकतेनुसार उमेदवाराच्या चाळींना टेबलमधील अन्य विशेषतांवर अवलंबून रहावे लागणार नाही.

बीसीएनएफच्या निर्मितीच्या वेळी, बॉयस स्ट्रक्चर्ड इंग्रजी क्विओ लँग्वेज (एस क्यू एल) चे प्रमुख विकासक होते, ज्याने सीड च्या रिलेशनल मॉडेलचा वापर करून डेटा पुनर्प्राप्ती सुधारली. या मॉडेलमध्ये, कोडॅटने डाटाबेसची स्ट्रक्चरल जटिलता कमी केली जाऊ शकते, ज्याचा अर्थ क्वेरी अधिक शक्तिशाली आणि लवचिक असू शकतात.

त्याच्या संबंधक डेटाबेस अंतर्दृष्टी वापरून, Codd 1NF, 2NF, आणि 3 एनईएफ मार्गदर्शक तत्त्वे परिभाषित. बीसीएनएफची व्याख्या करण्यासाठी बॉयसने सहकार्य केले.

उमेदवार की आणि बीसीएनएफ

एक उमेदवार की एक सारणी किंवा सारणीतील स्तंभांची एकत्रीकरण आहे जी डेटाबेसमध्ये एक अद्वितीय की तयार करते. गुणधर्मांचे संयोजन इतर कोणत्याही डेटाचा उल्लेख न करता डेटाबेस रेकॉर्ड ओळखण्यासाठी वापरला जाऊ शकतो. प्रत्येक टेबलमध्ये एकाधिक उमेदवार की असू शकतात, ज्यापैकी एखादा प्राथमिक की म्हणून पात्र होऊ शकतो. टेबलमध्ये केवळ एक प्राथमिक की आहे

उमेदवार कळा अद्वितीय असणे आवश्यक आहे.

प्रत्येक निर्धारक उमेदवार की असेल तर एक संबंध BCNF मध्ये आहे. कर्मचा माहिती साठवणार्या आणि विशेषता , , , आणि असे डेटाबेस टेबल विचारात घ्या. </p> <p> या टेबलमध्ये, फील्ड <Employee_Id> first_name आणि last_name ठरवते. त्याचप्रमाणे, tuple (<First_name>, <Last_name>) <Employee_id> हे ठरवते. </p> <table><tbody><tr><td> <strong>कर्मचारी आयडी</strong> </td><td> <strong>पहिले नाव</strong> </td><td> <strong>आडनाव</strong> </td><td> <strong>शीर्षक</strong> </td></tr><tr><td> 13133 </td><td> एमिली </td><td> स्मिथ </td><td> व्यवस्थापक </td></tr><tr><td> 13134 </td><td> जिम </td><td> स्मिथ </td><td> सहकारी </td></tr><tr><td> 13135 </td><td> एमिली </td><td> जोन्स </td><td> सहकारी </td></tr></tbody></table><p><br> या <a href="https://mr.eyewated.com/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF-%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8-%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE/">डेटाबेससाठी</a> उमेदवार की हे <Employee_Id> आहे कारण हे केवळ एकमात्र 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